What are ROPS/FOPS Tests?

ISO 3471:2008 ROPS for Heavy Equipment: Construction and earth-moving machinery – Roll-over protective structures – Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ROPS) – Cabins used in construction and earth-moving machinery are subjected to loads applied to the cabin in a laboratory environment in accordance with the relevant standard. ISO 3449:2005 FOPS Heavy Machinery: A method for testing the performance of cabins used in machinery against falling objects. (FOPS) Required for machinery groups specified in ISO 6165. Machinery with FOPS attachments, such as forklifts, tractors, loaders, and bulldozers, must also comply with these standards. FOPS tests and certification are not applicable to asphalt compactors, excavators, snowplows, pipe laying machines, and construction machinery with an extra passenger seat up to 15 kW.

Level I FOPS Tests

Impact tests for protection against small objects (bricks, small concrete pieces, hand tools) are required for vehicles used in highway maintenance and construction sites.

Level II FOPS Tests

Impact tests for protection against large objects (trees, rocks) are required for construction machinery operating in large excavation sites, mines, and similar areas.